Prize Bond Ka Shar’i Hukm: Inaam Sood Hai Ya Jaiz?
Pakistan mein prize bond kai dahaiyon se bachat ka maqbool zariya hai. Bohat se gharane betiyon ki shaadi ya mustaqbil ki zaroorat ke liye prize bond khareed kar rakhte hain, aur har qura andazi par yeh umeed rehti hai ke shayad is baar inaam nikal aaye. Magar saath hi ek sawal bhi rehta hai: kya yeh inaam halal hai? Is sawal par ulama ki aara mukhtalif hain, aur is article mein tamaam aara dalail ke saath pesh ki gayi hain.
Prize Bond Kya Hai?
Prize bond Hukoomat-e-Pakistan ki taraf se jaari karda ek sarkari dastavez hai, jo aap ek muqarrara qeemat par khareedte hain, aur jab chahein isi qeemat par wapas kar sakte hain. Is par koi muqarrara munafa nahin milta, magar har bond qura andazi mein shamil hota hai, jis mein chand khush naseebon ko bare inamaat milte hain.
Aaj prize bond do qism ke hain:
1. Aam Prize Bond (National Prize Bonds): National Savings ke mutabiq mojooda maaliyatein 100, 200, 750 aur 1,500 rupay hain. Aam prize bond par koi baqaida munafa nahin milta, balke ahal bonds qura andazi mein shamil hote hain, aur muntakhib numberon ko naqd inaam milta hai. dev
2. Premium Prize Bond: National Savings ke mutabiq yeh 25,000 aur 40,000 rupay ki maaliyat mein dastiyab hain, investor ke naam par registered hote hain, aur in par teen maahi qura andazi ke saath saath saal mein do martaba munafa bhi milta hai.
(National Savings: https://savings.gov.pk/premium-prize-bond) savings
Prize Bond Ki Shar’i Haqeeqat
Prize bond khareedne ka matlab yeh hai ke aap hukoomat ko qarz de rahe hain. Hukoomat aap ki raqam istemal karti hai, aur aap jab chahein apni asal raqam wapas le sakte hain. Prize bond dar-asal is qarz ki raseed hai.
Ab sawal yeh hai ke qura andazi ke inaam ki raqam kahan se aati hai? Hukoomat awaam se jama ki gayi raqam ko sarmaya kari mein lagati hai ya apne akhrajaat poore karti hai, aur us par jo sood banta hai, ya jo laagat hukoomat uthati hai, wahi raqam qura andazi ke zariye chand logon mein inaam ki soorat mein taqseem kar di jati hai. Isi bunyad par ulama ki aara mukhtalif hain.
Pehla Mauqif: Prize Bond Ka Inaam Najaiz Hai
Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani, Darul Uloom Karachi, Jamia Uloom-e-Islamia Banuri Town, aur Deobandi aur Ahl-e-Hadees makatib-e-fikr ke aksar ulama ka mauqif yeh hai ke prize bond ka inaam jaiz nahin. Un ke dalail yeh hain:
1. Qarz par mashroot faida: Prize bond hukoomat ko diya gaya qarz hai, aur inaam isi qarz ki bunyad par milta hai. Agar kisi ke paas bond na ho to usay inaam nahin mil sakta. Yani inaam qarz ka barah-e-raast nateeja hai, aur “har woh qarz jo mashroot faida laye, sood hai.”
2. Sood aur juye ka imtizaaj: Tamaam bond holders ki raqam par banne wala sood ek jagah jama kiya jata hai, aur phir qismat ke zariye chand logon ko de diya jata hai. Yun is mein sood ke saath juye (maysir) ka unsar bhi shamil ho jata hai, kyunke kuch ka hissa doosron ko qismat ke zariye mil jata hai.
3. Naam badalne se haqeeqat nahin badalti: Agar hukoomat har bond holder ko thora thora sood deti, to sab isay sood kehte. Yahan sirf taqseem ka tareeqa badla hai; raqam ka maakhaz wahi hai.
Doosra Mauqif: Inaam Jaiz Hai
Baaz ulama, khusoosan Barelvi maktab-e-fikr ke baaz muftiyan-e-kiram, ka mauqif hai ke aam prize bond ka inaam jaiz hai. Un ke dalail yeh hain:
1. Koi izafa mashroot nahin: Bond khareedne wale se yeh waada nahin kiya jata ke usay yaqeenan kuch izafi milega; us ki asal raqam mehfooz hai, aur inaam milna yaqeeni nahin. Sood ki bunyadi shart, yani qarz par mashroot aur yaqeeni izafa, yahan mojood nahin.
2. Jua bhi nahin: Juye mein haarne wala apna maal kho deta hai, jabke prize bond mein kisi ka asal sarmaya zaya nahin hota; har ek apni poori raqam wapas le sakta hai.
3. Hukoomat ki taraf se atiya: In ke nazdeek inaam hukoomat ki taraf se ek atiya hai, jo bachat ki hosla afzai ke liye diya jata hai.
Dalail Ka Tajziya
Dono taraf ke dalail par ghaur kiya jaye to pehle mauqif ko zyada wazni samjha jata hai, aur is ki wajoohat yeh hain:
- “Mashroot” hone ka mafhoom: Doosre mauqif ka kehna hai ke inaam yaqeeni nahin, is liye mashroot nahin. Magar shart ka matlab sirf yeh nahin ke har shakhs ko izafa mile; balke yeh ke inaam ka haq sirf qarz dene ki wajah se paida hota hai. Qura andazi mein shamil hone ka mauqa khud ek maali faida hai, jo sirf qarz dene walon ko milta hai.
- “Atiya” ka mafhoom: Atiya woh hota hai jis ka koi peshgi nizaam, elaan aur tawaqqo na ho. Prize bond ke inamaat pehle se elaan shuda, baqaida aur tay shuda nizaam ka hissa hain, aur log bond khareedte hi inhi inamaat ki umeed par hain.
- Inaam ka maakhaz: Inaam ki raqam hukoomat ke khazane se, awaam se liye gaye qarz ki laagat ke taur par di jati hai; yeh bond holders ki ijtimai raqam ka muawza hai.
Albatta chunke yeh ek ijtihadi masla hai aur motabar ulama dono taraf hain, is liye kisi ek mauqif par amal karne wale ko doosre ke baare mein sakht zabaan istemal nahin karni chahiye. Ehtiyat bahar haal pehle mauqif mein hai, kyunke Rasool-e-Akram صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ne farmaya: "دَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيبُكَ", shak wali cheez chhor kar woh ikhtiyar karo jis mein shak na ho (Jami Tirmizi, Hadees: 2518).
Premium Prize Bond: Wazeh Taur Par Najaiz
Premium prize bond ka muamla aam bond se mukhtalif hai. Is par saal mein do martaba muqarrara munafa milta hai. Yeh munafa hukoomat ko diye gaye qarz par tay shuda izafa hai, jo wazeh taur par sood hai. Is liye premium prize bond ke najaiz hone par woh ulama bhi muttafiq hain jo aam bond ke inaam ko jaiz kehte hain, kyunke yahan un ki daleel, yani “koi muqarrara izafa nahin”, baqi nahin rehti. Is par qura andazi ka inaam bhi isi soodi nizaam ka hissa hai.
Chand Amli Masail
1. Kya prize bond khareedna hi najaiz hai?
Aam prize bond khareed kar rakhna, aur phir asal qeemat par wapas lena, jaiz hai, kyunke yeh mehaz hukoomat ko qarz dena hai, aur asal raqam wapas lene mein koi harj nahin. Masla sirf inaam ka hai. Albatta jo shakhs sirf inaam ki niyyat se bond khareedta hai, usay ehtiyat karni chahiye, kyunke yeh ek najaiz cheez ki umeed par muamla karna hai.
2. Agar inaam nikal aaye to kya karein?
Pehle mauqif ke mutabiq inaam ki raqam apne istemal mein na layein, balke sawab ki niyyat ke baghair ghareebon ko de dein. Apni asal raqam, yani bond ki qeemat, aap ki hai.
3. Prize bond ko zyada qeemat par bechna:
Baaz auqaat log prize bond us ki asal qeemat se zyada par khareedte ya bechte hain, maslan 750 rupay ka bond 800 mein. Yeh jaiz nahin, kyunke bond dar-asal raqam ki raseed hai, aur raqam ka raqam se tabadla kami beshi ke saath sood (riba al-fadl) hai. Rasool-e-Akram صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ne hum jins amwaal ke tabadle mein barabari ka hukm diya hai (Sahih Muslim, Hadees: 1587).
4. Prize bond par zakat:
Prize bond aap ki raqam hai jo hukoomat ke paas qarz ke taur par mojood hai, aur jab chahein wapas li ja sakti hai. Is liye bond ki asal qeemat par zakat wajib hai, jise aap ke baqi qabil-e-zakat maal mein shamil kiya jayega. Tafseel ke liye hamara article “Zakat Ka Hisab Kaise Lagayein?” dekhiye.
Halal Mutabadil Kya Hai?
Agar aap bachat karna chahte hain, to prize bond ke bajaye yeh halal raaste ikhtiyar kiye ja sakte hain:
- Kisi Islamic bank ka savings account, jo mudarabah ki bunyad par ho.
- Shariah compliant mutual funds.
- Hukoomat-e-Pakistan ke jaari karda sukuk.
- Sona, ya kisi halal karobar mein shirakat.
Aakhri Baat
Prize bond ka masla hamein ek aham sabaq deta hai: kisi cheez ko “inaam” ya “atiya” keh dene se us ki haqeeqat nahin badalti; dekhna yeh hota hai ke woh raqam kis bunyad par aur kahan se aa rahi hai. Aam prize bond ke inaam par ulama mein ikhtilaf hai, aur ehtiyat is se bachne mein hai; jabke premium prize bond ka munafa wazeh taur par sood hai. Apni bachat ko aise halal zaraye mein lagaiye jin mein na shak ho aur na dil mein khalish.
